An introduction to the history, practices, and beliefs of sufi islam. Despite these general stages, however, the history of islamic mysticism is largely a history of individual mystic experience. By 1800, the vast majority of what is today indonesia professed islam and much of indonesias ancient hindu and buddhist history had been all but forgotten, its monumental architecture in. Communities and ideas excerpts from the letters of ibn abbad of ronda, trans. Withinfinite licence they ingeniously quote therefrom, and still moreingeniously addtheir ownexplanations whennecessary. Mysticism article about mysticism by the free dictionary. The interaction of islam and hinduism 123 an aspect of the cultural life of islamic india that demands special consideration is the nature of the interaction of faith and practice that took place between islam and hinduism. Sufism download books, sacred, spiritual texts and pdf e. The spirit of mysticism is to resolve any dilemma confronting the society. Annemarie schimmel, mystical dimensions of islam, 2397. Moore lecturer in comparative religion, the university of kent at canterbury the analytical study of mysticism has had a continuous history from the time of william james the varieties ofreligious experience i 902. Hinduism and islam are the third and second most popular religions in the world respectively.
In india, mysticism took many forms and sufism was accepted as a natural phenomenon by many gurus and saints. Pdf alghazali, passages from deliverance from error, trans w. A comparative study of mystical experience among christian, muslim, and hindu students in tamil nadu, india. Must read books on sufism online ebooks you cannot become a sufi mystic. Introduction to sufism the canadian society of muslims. The religions are discussed separately but comparisons are offered wherever appropriate. Mystics exist within most religions, though not all people who practice religions are mystics. Practical mysticism in islam and christianity offers a comparative study of the works of the sufipoet jalal aldin rumi 12071273 and the practical teachings of the german dominican, meister eckhart c1260278. Islam is a monotheistic religion in which the deity is allah arabic. Besides kabir, there were other muslim saints who were venerated by hindus and muslims alike. A comparative study of mystical experience among christian. Sufism islamic mysticism mysticism is concerned with the nature of reality, the individuals struggle to attain a clear vision of reality, and the transformation of consciousness that accompanies such vision. Using an abridged version of hoods mysticism scale, we join the debate with a study of a much larger number of christian, muslim, and hindu respondents 1,920 college students living in tamil nadu, india. Zaehner school of oriental and african studies, the university of london.
On the surface, it may seem that islam and hinduism have nothing in common. In fact, there are rich similarities that both religions share. Mysticism has become a highly imprecise term, partially because various popular writers have come to associate it with the occult and anything mysterious. Pdf michael sells, early muslim spirituality and mysticism in the muslim almanac, ed.
They differ in many respects including idol worship, monotheism and their history. The current interest in sufism can be largely explained by pointing to the same factors which account for the. Similarities between islam and hinduism part 1 by dr. Comparative mysticism available for download and read online in other formats. The path by which it is reached is known popularly, as sulook or tareeq. Originally, mysticism was a purely religious concept, referring to the experience of the direct union of the individual soul with the divine. When in medieval rabbinicalism, mysticism as an interior process began to develop in earnest, it started out in the same way it did for the hindus. Hindus borrowed ideas and concepts from muslim astronomy, calendar zich, medicine, metullargy, and a special branch of horoscopy called tajik, while the muslim scholars studied hindu scriptures, vedanta and the hindu medical science of ayurveda, hindu astrology and the techniques of yoga and meditation. This book, based upon a jordan lecture in comparative religion of 1959, traces the development of mystical thought during the formative periods of the hindu and muslim traditions. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The earliest hindu texts, the vedas, say that they were given by god to seven seers at the dawn of time. From drawbridges and moats to fort walls and watch towers, everything about a castle is magical. Both religions believe that god gave man free will so. This book is a systematic introduction to hindu mysticism as it evolved in india through the ages.
But these political mystics not only divided the society on the basis of religion but their doctrine created a permanent hindu muslim conflict in the region. It has always been so and should be perpetuated as such for centuries and centuries into the future. It may also refer to the attainment of insight in ultimate or hidden truths, and to human transformation supported by various practices and experiences. Bridal mysticism was a way of attaining their beloved the god to andal, akkamahadevi and mirabai. He was perhaps the only sincere muslim prince, whose effort was to find a common ground between hindu and muslim religious thought islamic mysticism in india by nagendra kumar singh, page 179. Wordforword transcriptions of zakir naiks dialogues. Zaehner, 9781851680467, available at book depository with free delivery worldwide.
In the west, inayat khan is generally known for his broadminded metaphysical sufi teachings rather than for his musicianship, even though he came to the west as a professor of music and music theory whilst being an acknowledged gentleman musician. Not only does it take you back to the ages of the kings, but also to a time when knights in shining. Hinduism is a way of life of the hindu people of india, their diaspora, and some other regions which had hindu influence in the ancient and medieval times. The measurement instrument is based on hoods mysticism scale.
Publication date 2016 topics hindu, muslim, mysticism, sufism, vedanta collection opensource language. Just as the christian type cannot be understood without reference to christianity, so the mohammedan type must be viewed in connexion with the outward and inward development of islam. Hinduism vs islam difference and comparison diffen. Javad nurbakhsh key features of sufism in early islamic period. The scale was tested by hood and others in a comparative perspective. But sufi movement failed to resolve confronting hindu muslim dilemma in indian. Unlike other world religions, hinduism has no founder. What mysticism their was took the form of apocalyptic visions in which the heathens and the gentiles get whats coming to them. Mysticism in the islamic context has traditionally been intertwined with the notion of. Social location of vertical mysticism among christian, muslim. Parallels between sufism and christianity the path of. In meeting dr suzuki and drinking a cup of tea with him i felt i.
List of books and articles about religious mysticism online. Thus they use the available symbols of their culturalreligious milieu to describe their experience. Parallels between sufism and christianity during his life, the prophet muhammad pbuh prophesized that islam will be divided into sects just as judaism and christianity did before it. The source of mysticism and the mystical elements in islam are to be traced to the quran and the islamic doctrine itself. This course explores the mystical dimension of islam, with a bold, poetic, and mystical emphasis on the legacy of human and divine love. These reflected the background of the student or listener and included hindu, christian, and muslim religious traditions. Another title that digs deeply into one religious tradition is teachings of the hindu mystics, edited by andrew harvey. Hindu mysticism hinduism is a religion of profound magic, the most precious and truly supernatural religion on planet earth. The hidden tradition of christian mysticism carl mccolman. From islamic asceticism to islamic mysticism article pdf available december 1999 with 1,778 reads. So far from this being the case, certain varieties of mystical. Get mulla principles of hindu law pdf file for free on our ebook library pdf file.
Karl rahner, one of the most renowned christian theologians of the twentieth century, once famously remarked that the christian of the future will be a mystic or will not exist at all. Mysticism is the practice of religious ecstasies religious experiences during alternate states of consciousness, together with whatever ideologies, ethics, rites, myths, legends, and magic may be related to them. In this video were going to be exploring some conceptual crossovers between islamic and jewish mysticism, mutual metaphysics, similar soteriologys and twin. Download fulltext pdf an analytical study of rise and development of sufism. Tensions rose and soon rioting broke out, leading to. Sufism, or tasawwuf in arabic, is practiced by many muslims around the world, both shia and sunni, as a personal, mystical, or. Therefore some old writers referred to the trash or poison of mysticism and others spoke of its vagueness or crude. Bismi allahirrahmanirrahim the word sufi is derived from the arabic word suf which means wool and which refers to the coarse woolen robes that were worn by the prophet muhammad pbuh and by his close companions. Hood developed a mysticism scale based on the theoretical work of stace. Rumi has remained an influential figure in islamic mystical discourse since the.
Nodoubt there werepolitical reasons foradopting this method ofconcealing heterodox ideas under thecloak oforthodoxy. The third and most sophisticated form can be presented as arguing. In meeting dr suzuki and drinking a cup of tea with him i felt i had met this one man. I chose the hindu and muslim varieties for three reasons. This book is a good introduction to start your studies on the teachings of the hindu mystics. These similarities are so strong and basic, its a wonder that there are any tensions between the two. A popular expression of muhammads religion in the western world today is sufism, islam s mystical way. Zakir naik introduction in the series of articles on this subject, we shall seek to find similarities or common ground between two major religions of the world. Hinduism on the other hand is religious tradition that originated in the indian subcontinent in the preclassical era 1500500 bce and does not have a specific founder. She was one of the most widely read writers on such matters in the first half of the twentieth century.
Passion to the essential spirituality of life was hardly found in any muslim ruler or prince except dara shikoh 16151659. Christian and buddhist in meeting him one seemed to meet that true man of no title that chuang tzu and the zen masters speak of. Mabzoor nomani ch 9 structure of belief and practice simply because some sections of its followers have committed some mistakes. The inner path in hinduism is a wellmarked one, and yet to the casual observer it may appear to be lost in a mire of superstition and the rote worship of many gods. Hinduism on the other hand is religious tradition that originated in the indian subcontinent in the pre.
Pdf an analytical study of rise and development of sufism. I chose the subject of hindu and muslim mysticism because it seemed to me that, voluminous as the literature on mysticism is, much of it starts from the quite unproven premiss that mysticism is a more or less uniform phenomenon appearing in all the great religious traditions. Pdf comparative mysticism download full pdf book download. This anthology collects the most lyrical, passionate, illuminating writings of the hindu. Mysticism is not an intellectual theory, it is fundamentally an active, formative, creative, elevating and ennobling principle of life. Bismi allahirrahmanirrahim the word sufi is derived from the arabic word suf which means wool and which refers to the coarse woolen. Dec 26, 2001 included are writings of mirabai circa 14981546, ramprasad 17181775, and aurobindo 18721950 and excerpts from their sacred scriptures. Indeed this prophecy has come true with the prevalence of sects and deviant beliefs within the religion of islam. Practical mysticism by evelyn underhill free pdf download. Mysticism is the belief that people can directly experience god or true reality, rather than through books, ritual or other people. Search results for hindu find thousands of ebooks on. The part on hinduism focuses on the classical upanishads, the yogasutras, the bhagavadgita, and ramanujas commentary on them. Mysticism simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Mystical hinduism mystical paths of worlds religions.
Islam is a monotheistic abrahamic religion, founded by prophet muhammad in the middle east in the 7th century ce. Pdf the making of hinduchristian dialogue in australia. This article first appeared in forward volume 9, number 1 1986. Islamic mysticism had several stages of growth, including 1 the appearance of early asceticism, 2 the development of a classical mysticism of divine love, and 3 the rise and proliferation of fraternal orders of mystics. You will be glad to know that right now mulla principles of hindu law pdf is available on. There are, however, a variety of factors involved that make the study of this interaction exceedingly complex and prevent any very assured conclusions being attained. Download the bible, the holy quran, the mahabharata and thousands of free pdf ebooks on buddhism, meditation etc. The greek root myein, to close the eyes, is also the root. Such, in brief, is the meaning of ehsan and the place it holds in islam. Harvey includes mystical texts from the vedas, the upanishads and the devotional classic the bhagavad gita, as well as writings of individuals such as mirabai and aurobindo.
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